• To declare a variable, use var

/* Without type */
var variable = 0

/* With type */
var variableWithType: Int = 10

• To declare a constant, use val

/* Without type */
val value= 8 * 5 + 2

/* With type */
val valueWithType: Int = 10 * 5 + 2

• All val type variables are initialized before utilization. A Scala valis a public static final in Java

• If you want to defer this process of initiailization untill actuall utlization, use lazy val

/* Lazy value without type */
lazy val lazyValue = 100

/* Lazy value with type */
lazy val lazyValueWithType: Int = 100

• See how lazy values are handled in byte code

• Scala provides keyword def for creating methods or definitions

def incrementDef = (x: Int) => x + 1 /* A definition using 'def' */